Illuminating device and projection type video display

ABSTRACT

A projection type video display is provided with three illuminating devices R, G, B. The illuminating device R emits light in red, the illuminating device G emits light in green, and the illuminating device B emits light in blue. The lights emitted from the respective illuminating devices are guided onto transparent liquid crystal display panels R, G, B by convex lenses. Each illuminating device is formed of a light source, a light guide, a condenser lens, and an integrator lens. The light source is formed of having one or a plurality of LED chips aligned on a plain surface. The LED chips have photonic crystal structure, and a light-emission direction approximately vertical to a light-emitting surface, thus high in directionality.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an illuminating device and a projectiontype video display.

2. Description of the Prior Art

A generally used illuminating device used for a liquid crystalprojector, and others is formed of a lamp such as an ultra-high pressuremercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon lamp, and others, and aparabolic reflector for collimating its irradiated light. Furthermore,in such the illuminating device, there is provided an integratingfunction (referring to a function for superimposing and converging ontoan object to be illuminated a plurality of illuminating areas in apredetermined shape formed in a sampling manner on a plain surface by anoptical device) by a pair of fly's eye lenses in order to preventnon-uniformity of light on an irradiating surface. Furthermore, inrecent years, in view of reduction in size and weight, it is attemptedto use a light-emitting diode (LED) as a light source (see JapanesePatent Laying-open No. 10-186507).

However, it appears to be a reality that a practical illuminating deviceusing the light-emitting diode has not been realized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the presentinvention to provide a practical illuminating device using a solid lightelement such as a light-emitting diode and projection type video displayusing the illuminating device.

In order to solve the above-described problems, an illuminating deviceaccording to the present invention comprises a light source providedwith one or a plurality of solid light-emitting elements, at least oneof a light guide having an area of a light-exit surface larger than anarea of a light-incident surface located on a side of the light source,and a lens for collimating light emitted from the light source, a firstfly's eye lens upon which the light exited from the light guide or thelens is incident, and a second fly's eye lens arranged in such a manneras to be paired with the first fly's eye lens, and integrating andguiding light to an object to be illuminated (Hereinafter, referred toas a first configuration in this section).

In addition, an illuminating device according to the present inventioncomprises a light source provided with one or a plurality of solidlight-emitting elements, a first fly's eye lens arranged close to alight-emission side of each solid light-emitting element and having twoor more convex lens portions allotted to each solid light-emittingelement, and a second fly's eye lens arranged in such a manner as to bepaired with the first fly's eye lens and integrating and guiding lightto an object to be illuminated (Hereinafter, referred to as a secondconfiguration in this section).

In the first or second configuration, an illuminating device may beprovided with a polarization conversion system having a plurality ofpolarizing beam splitters for redirecting to a common polarizationdirection, on a light-exit side of the second fly's eye lens.

In addition, an illuminating device according to the present inventioncomprises a polarization conversion system having a plurality ofpolarizing beam splitters for redirecting to a common polarizationdirection, one or a plurality of solid light-emitting elements arrangedclose to a light-incident side of the polarization conversion system,and a light integrating means for integrating and guiding exited lightfrom the polarization conversion system to an object to be illuminated(Hereinafter, referred to as a third configuration in this section).

In the above-described third configuration, it may be possible that thelight integrating means is formed of a first fly's eye lens, and asecond fly's eye lens arranged in such a manner as to be paired with thefirst fly's eye lens. Or in the above-described third configuration, itmay be possible that the light integrating means may be a rod integratorformed in a tube or a pole shape.

Furthermore, an illuminating device according to the present inventioncomprises a light source formed of a plurality of solid light-emittingelements, and a means for rendering uniform a light-emitting amount or alight-emitting color of each solid light emitting element (Hereinafter,referred to as a fourth configuration in this section).

In the above-described fourth configuration, it may be configured suchthat the light-emitting color and the light-emitting amount arecontrolled by controlling an electric current value supplied to thesolid light-emitting elements. In addition, it may be configured suchthat the light-emitting amount is controlled by controlling a pulsewidth of an electric current supplied to the solid light-emittingelements. In these illuminating devices, it may be possible that thereis provided an optical system in which light is guided to an object tobe illuminated without applying a light integration to the light fromthe light source. Or, it may be configured such that the light source isarranged close to an object to be illuminated, and light from the lightsource is directly guided to the object to be illuminated.

In these illuminating devices, it may be preferable that an aspect ratioof each solid light-emitting element is rendered equal to orapproximately equal to an aspect ratio of the object to be illuminated.In addition, it may be preferable that the solid light-emitting elementsare formed of light-emitting diodes having photonic crystals. Thelight-emitting diodes having the photonic crystals may have alight-emission direction approximately vertical to a light-emittingsurface.

Furthermore, a projection type video display of the present invention isa projection type video display for modulating light emitted from anilluminating device by a display device and projecting the modulatedlight, and comprises any one of the illuminating devices described aboveand the display device is an object to be illuminated. In such theprojection type video display, it may be configured such that threepieces of the display devices are provided for respective colors, thethree illuminating devices are provided for the respective colors, andlights via the three pieces of display devices are combined andprojected.

In addition, a projection type video display comprises aself-light-emitting display device having a plurality of solidlight-emitting elements as pixels, and a projection optical element forprojecting emitted image light from the self-light-emitting displaydevice. In the projection type video display of such the configuration,it may be configured such that three pieces of the display devices areprovided for respective colors, the three self-light-emitting displaydevices are provided for the respective colors, and emitted image lightfrom the three pieces of self-light-emitting display devices arecomposed and projected. Furthermore, the solid light-emitting elementsin the display devices may be formed of light-emitting diodes havingphotonic crystals. In addition, the light-emitting diodes having thephotonic crystals may have a light-emission direction approximatelyvertical to a light-emitting surface.

As described above, the present invention exhibits an effect that it ispossible to provide a practical illuminating device using a solidlight-emitting element such as a light-emitting diode, and others, andprojection type video display using the illuminating device.

The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of thepresent invention will become more apparent from the following detaileddescription of the present invention when taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a descriptive diagram showing an optical system of anilluminating device and a projection type video display of an embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a descriptive diagram showing an aspect ratio of a liquidcrystal display panel;

FIG. 3 is a descriptive diagram showing a basic unit of a polarizationconversion system of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a descriptive diagram showing an optical system of anilluminating device and a projection type video display of an embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a descriptive diagram showing an optical system of anilluminating device and a projection type video display of an embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 6 A is a lateral view showing a polarization conversion systemusing four basic units, and others;

FIG. 6 B is a plain view showing a polarization conversion system usingthe four basic units;

FIG. 7 is a descriptive diagram showing an example of a configuration inwhich an integrator lens is provided instead of a rod integrator in theFIG. 6 configuration;

FIG. 8 is a plain view showing a polarization conversion system in whichtwo basic units are arranged in a checkered pattern;

FIG. 9 is a plain view showing a light source in which LED chips arearranged in an array shape;

FIG. 10 is a descriptive diagram showing an illuminating device using alight source in which a light-emitting amount and a color in LED chipsare rendered uniform;

FIG. 11 is a descriptive diagram showing a configuration in which aliquid crystal display panel is arranged closer to a light-emission sideof a light source in which a light-emitting amount and a color in LEDchips are rendered uniform;

FIG. 12 is a plain view showing a self-light-emitting video displaypanel; and

FIG. 13 is a descriptive diagram showing a projection type video displayhaving a self-light-emitting video display panel.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A First Embodiment

Hereinafter, an illuminating device and a projection type video displaywill be described referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 9.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an optical system of a three-panelprojection type video display. The projection type video display isprovided with three illuminating devices 1R, 1G, 1B (Hereinafter, anumeral “1” is used when generally referring to the illuminatingdevice). The illuminating device 1R emits light in red, the illuminatingdevice 1G emits light in green, and the illuminating device 1B emitslight in blue. The lights emitted from each illuminating device 1 areguided by a convex lens 2 to respective colors-use transparent liquidcrystal display panels 3R, 3G, 3B (Hereinafter, a numeral “3” is usedwhen generally referring to the liquid crystal display panel). It isnoted that in this embodiment, one piece of the convex lens 2 isdescribed. However, it may be configured to be formed of a plurality oflenses. Each liquid crystal display panel 3 is formed of being providedwith a light-incidence-side polarizer, a panel portion formed by sealinga liquid crystal between one pair of glass plates (a pixel electrode andan alignment film are formed), and a light-exit-side polarizer.Modulated light (image light of the respective colors) modulated bypassing through the liquid crystal display panels 3R, 3G, 3B is combinedby a dichroic prism 4, and changed to full-color image light. Thisfull-color image light is projected by a projection lens 5, anddisplayed on a screen.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the liquid crystal display panel 3. Theliquid crystal display panel 3 has an aspect ratio of horizontal A tovertical B. The ratio of A to B is 4:3, 16:9, and others, for example.

Each illuminating device 1 is formed of a light source 11, a light guide10, a condenser lens 9, and an integrator lens 13. The light source 11is formed of having one or a plurality of LED chips (light-emittingdiode chips) arranged on a plain surface. In this embodiment, andembodiments that follow, an aspect ratio of the LED chips coincides orapproximately coincides with that of the liquid crystal display panel 3,which is an object to be illuminated. Furthermore, the LED chips havephotonic crystal structures, and a light-emission direction isapproximately vertical to a light-emitting surface, hence high indirectionality. In addition, in a case that the light source 11 isconfigured of a plurality of photonic crystal-type LED chips, intervalsbetween the LED chips can be rendered as narrow as possible. It is notedthat the photonic crystal is a man-made crystal in which a dielectricconstant is modulated periodically.

The light guide (light pipe) 10 has an area of a light-exit surfacelarger than that of a light-incidence surface (located on a side of thelight source 11), and is formed of a glass block or in a tube shape ofwhich inner surface is a mirror surface, for example. Emitted light fromthe light source 11 is reflected within the light guide 10, and thisimproves parallelism of the light exited from the light guide 10. Thecondenser lens 9 is a lens for collimating the light emitted from thelight source 11, and as a result of this condenser lens 9 beingprovided, the parallelism of the light is further improved. Although inthis embodiment, both the light guide 10 and the condenser lens 9 areprovided, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which only one ofthe two is provided.

The integrator lens 13 is configured of one pair of fly's eye lenses 13a, 13 b, and each pair of the lenses guides the light emitted from thelight source 11 onto an entire surface of the liquid crystal displaypanel 3. This, even if there is light-emitting non-uniformity (luminancenon-uniformity) in each LED chip of the light source 11, or there isluminance non-uniformity within the light-exit surface of the lightguide 10, makes it possible to obtain uniformity of the luminance in alight flux guided on the liquid crystal display panel 3. An aspect ratioof each lens portion in the fly's eye lenses 13 a, 13 b approximatelycoincides with that of the liquid crystal display panel 3. This holdsequally for embodiments described below.

It may be possible that a polarization conversion system is providedbetween the integrator lens 13 and the convex lens 2. As shown in FIG.3, a basic unit of the polarization conversion system 20 is formed oftwo polarization beam splitters (PBSs) 20 a, 20 a, and a retardationplate (½ λ plate) 20 b arranged on a light-exit side of one of the twopolarization beam splitters 20 a. A polarized light separating surfaceof each polarization beam splitter 20 a transmits P-polarized light, andchanges an optical path of S-polarized light by 90 degrees. TheS-polarized light having the optical path changed is reflected by anadjacent polarized light separating surface, and is exited as it is. Onthe other hand, the P-polarized light that passes through the polarizedlight separating surface is converted into the S-polarized light by theretardation plate 20 b provided on a front side of the polarized lightseparating surface (on the light-exit side), and exited. That is, in anexample of FIG. 3, approximately all light is converted into theS-polarized light.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another optical system of the projectiontype video display. The illuminating device 1 of this optical system isnot provided with the light guide 10 and the condenser lens 9. Inaddition, the light source 11 is formed by having a plurality of LEDchips aligned on a plain surface, and has a plurality of convex lensportions (two, four, and more, for example) in the integrator lens 13facing one LED chip. Thus, as a result of having a plurality of theconvex lens portions in the integrator lens 13 facing each LED chip,even if there is light-emitting non-uniformity (luminancenon-uniformity) in each LED chip of the light source 11, uniformity ofthe luminance is obtained in a light flux guided on the liquid crystaldisplay panel 3. In a case of using the LED chip having photonic crystalstructure, it becomes possible to adhere the LED chips to an evensurface side of the fly's eye lens 13 a.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another optical system of the projectiontype video display. The illuminating device 1 of this optical system isformed of the light source 11, the polarization conversion system 20,and a rod integrator 21. The light source 11 is formed by having one ora plurality of LED chips aligned on a plain surface. The LED chips havephotonic crystal structure, and a light-emission direction approximatelyvertical to a light-emitting surface, hence high in directionality. In acase that the light source 11 is configured of a plurality of photoniccrystal-type LED chips, intervals between the LED chips can be renderedas narrow as possible.

The light source 11 (LED chip) is arranged close to a light-incidencesurface of the polarization conversion system 20. In this embodiment, asize of the light source 11 is rendered coincident with or approximatelycoincident with that of the light-incidence surface of the polarizationconversion system 20. It is also possible to bring the light source 11and the polarization conversion system 20 into close contact. Thepolarization conversion system 20 is configured of having one or aplurality of basic units. In this example, light from the light source11 is converted by the polarization conversion system 20 intoS-polarized light before being exited therefrom. On a light-exit side ofthe polarization conversion system 20, a rod integrator 21 is arranged.The rod integrator 21, even if there is light-emitting unevenness(luminance non-uniformity) in each LED chip of the light source 11, oreven if there is a difference in luminance depending on each LED chip,or even if there is luminance non-uniformity within the light-exitsurface of the polarization conversion system 20, makes it possible toobtain uniformity of the luminance in a light flux guided on the liquidcrystal display panel 3.

Light exited from the polarization conversion system 20 is opticallyintegrated by the rod integrator 21 before being incident on the liquidcrystal display panel 3, and light modulated by the liquid crystaldisplay panel 3 is incident on a cross dichroic prism 4.

A light-emission direction of the light source 11 (LED chip) isapproximately vertical to the light-emitting surface of the light source11, hence high in directionality, and the light source 11 (LED chip) isarranged close to the polarization conversion system 20, so that even ifthe emitted light from the light source 11 (LED chip) is directlyincident onto the polarization conversion system 20, almost all of thelight is used, which results in high utilization efficiency of thelight.

Herein, if an entire size of one or a plurality of the LED chipsprovided to be close to each basic unit of the polarization conversionsystem 20 is several millimeters by several millimeters, a difference inan optical pass length between transmitting and reflecting light fluxeswithin the basic unit, too, is several millimeters long, thus thedifference in an optical pass length in the basic unit is short, whichfurther improves the utilization efficiency of the light.

FIG. 6 A, B illustrate the polarization conversion system 20 using fourbasic units as an example. In an example in this FIG. 6, retardationplates 20 b (LED chips) are arranged and positioned in a center portionof the polarized light separating surface. Herein, a case that the lightsource 11 is configured of one LED chip will be considered. If this oneLED chip is four millimeters by four millimeters, light-incidencesurfaces of each basic unit are two millimeters by two millimeters. Thatis, instead of attaching to the LED chip of a certain size apolarization beam splitter of the same size as the LED chip, it may bepossible to attach a polarization beam splitter divided into a pluralityof areas having small light-incidence surfaces to the LED chip. Inaddition, in this example, a configuration in which the rod integrator21 is provided so as to reduce the luminance non-uniformity is adopted.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a configuration in which the integrator lens13 is provided instead of the rod integrator 21 in FIG. 6. Each lensportion in the integrator lens 13 approximately coincides with a widthof each polarization beam splitter. Therefore, even in a case that thereis a difference in luminance between a position where the retardationplates 20 b exist and a position where no retardation plates 20 b exist,the light is guided to the liquid crystal display panel 3 while theluminance of the light is maintained uniform.

FIG. 8 illustrates a polarization conversion system 20 using two basicunits as an example. In an example of this FIG. 8, it is configured thatan arrangement (shaded portions in FIG. 8) of the retardation plates 20b (LED chips) is an oblique arrangement (in a checkered-patternarrangement). As a result of the oblique arrangement like this, comparedto a case of a vertically aligned arrangement, or a horizontally alignedarrangement, the luminance non-uniformity is reduced, and in addition, aradiating effect of heat, too, is improved.

A Second Embodiment

Hereinafter, an illuminating device and a projection type video displayof an embodiment of the present invention will be described based onFIG. 9 to FIG. 11.

FIG. 9 is a plain view showing the light source 11 formed by having theLED chips arranged in an array shape (vertically 6 pieces byhorizontally 10 pieces). A portion (a) in FIG. 9 shows a state thatthere is a disparity of a light amount and a light-emitting color ineach LED chip stemming from a difference in individual characteristic ofeach LED chip, and an adjustment for rendering uniform therefor is notperformed. A portion (b) in FIG. 9 shows a state that the adjustment forrendering uniform for the light amount and the light-emitting color isperformed.

The LED chips have photonic crystal structure, and a light-emissiondirection is approximately vertical to a light-emitting surface, hencehigh in directionality. In addition, in a case that the light source 11is configured of a plurality of photonic crystal-type LED chips,intervals between the LED chips can be rendered as narrow as possible.

Each LED chip is provided with separate power supplying circuit. In eachpower supplying circuit, an electric current value supplied to the LEDchip and an electric-current supply ON time period per a unittime-period are controlled. As a result of the electric current valuebeing controlled, it becomes possible to control a dominant wavelengthof light emitted from the LED chips. In addition, as a result of theelectric-current supply ON time period per a unit time-period beingcontrolled, it becomes possible to increase or decrease thelight-emitting amount of the LED chips. The adjustment for renderinguniform the light-emitting amount and the light-emitting color in theLED chips may be performed by a visual examination by a user (tester),or by numerically converting the light-emitting amount and thelight-emitting color of each LED chip using a sensor such as an imagingelement, and others.

FIG. 10 shows a descriptive diagram showing an illuminating device usingthe light source 11 in which the light-emitting amount and thelight-emitting color in the LED chips are rendered uniform. The lightsource 11 has an area larger than that of the liquid crystal displaypanel 3, has a light flux from the light source 11 converged and byusing a lens 23 so as to adjust or correspond to a size of the liquidcrystal display panel 3. Light modulated by passing through the liquidcrystal display panel 3 is combined by a cross dichroic prism with imagelight in other colors, and projected.

In FIG. 11, the liquid crystal display panel 3 is arranged close to alight-emission side of the light source 11 in which the light-emittingamount and the light-emitting color in the LED chips are rendereduniform. Light modulated by passing through the liquid crystal displaypanel 3 is composed by the cross dichroic prism with image light inother colors, and projected.

In each configuration of FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the light integrator isnot provided. That is, by using the light source 11 in which thelight-emitting amount and the light-emitting color in the LED chips arerendered uniform, an illumination optical system in which the lightintegrator is not provided is realized. It is noted that a small-sizedpolarization conversion system (basic unit) may be arranged closely toevery LED chip constituting the light source 11, or to every severalpiece of the LED chips. In this case, intervals (which approximatelycoincide with a width of one PBS of the basic unit) may be providedbetween columns or rows of the LED chips arranged in the array shape.

In the projection type video displays described above, it may bepossible to use not only a transmission-type liquid crystal displaypanel but also a reflection-type liquid crystal display panel. Inaddition, instead of these liquid crystal display panels, it may bepossible to use a type of a display panel for independently drivingmicro mirrors, which are pixels. Furthermore, although the presentinvention is provided with the three illuminating devices 1R, 1G, 1B foremitting light in respective colors, an illuminating device for emittinglight in white is used, and the light in white may be separated by adichroic mirror and the like. Or, the illuminating device for emittinglight in white is used, and the light in white is guided to asingle-panel color display panel without being separated. In a case ofusing the illuminating device for emitting the light in white, eachsolid light-emitting element may emit the light in white, and it may beconfigured such that the solid light-emitting elements for emittinglight in red, light in blue, and light in green are appropriatelyaligned. In addition, the solid light-emitting element is not limited toa light-emitting diode (LED).

A Third Embodiment

Hereinafter, a projection type video display of an embodiment of thepresent invention will be described based on FIG. 12 to FIG. 13.

A projection type video display of this embodiment is not provided withan illuminating device, and provided with a self-light-emitting videodisplay panel 25. FIG. 12 shows a plain view showing theself-light-emitting video display panel 25. This self-light-emittingvideo display panel 25 is formed of having LED chips arranged in anarray shape (vertical 25 pieces by horizontal 25 pieces in FIG. 12).

The LED chips have photonic crystal structure, and a light-emissiondirection approximately vertical to a light-emitting surface, hence highin directionality. In addition, in a case that the self-light-emittingvideo display panel 25 is configured of a plurality of photoniccrystal-type LED chips, intervals of the LED chips are rendered asnarrow as possible.

To the self-light-emitting video display panel 25, a driver not shown isconnected. For this driver, it is possible to use a generally useddriver for the self-light-emitting video display panel using the LED, anorganic electroluminescence element, and others. Such the driver has amatrix configuration having a plurality of signal lines and a pluralityof scanning lines, and configured of being provided with a signal linedriver and a scanning line driver. A controller in the driver allows thescanning line driver to select the scanning lines subject to bedisplayed, and toward each LED chip on the scanning lines, performs anelectric-current supply control corresponding to an input video signal,using the signal line driver. For a gradation display, theelectric-current supply control changes an electric current value(amplitude), and controls an electric-current supply ON time-period pera unit time period (one horizontal scanning period).

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an optical system of a three-panelprojection type video display using the self-light-emitting videodisplay panel 25. This projection type video display is provided withthree self-light-emitting video display panels 25R, 25G, 25B. Theself-light-emitting video display panel 25R emits image light in red,the self-light-emitting video display panel 25G emits image light ingreen, and the self-light-emitting video display panel 25B emits imagelight in blue. Image lights in respective colors emitted from eachself-light-emitting video display panel 25 are combined by a dichroicprism 4, and changed to full-color image light. The full-color imagelight is projected by a projection lens 5, and displayed on a screen.

Although the present invention has been described and illustrated indetail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustrationand example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spiritand scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms ofthe appended claims.

1. An illuminating device, comprising: a light source provided with oneor a plurality of solid light-emitting elements; at least one of a lightguide having an area of a light-exit surface larger than an area of alight-incident surface located on a side of the light source, and a lensfor collimating light emitted from the light source; a first fly's eyelens upon which the light exited from the light guide or the lens isincident; and a second fly's eye lens arranged in such a manner as to bepaired with the first fly's eye lens, and integrating and guiding lightto an object to be illuminated.
 2. An illuminating device, comprising: alight source provided with one or a plurality of solid light-emittingelements; a first fly's eye lens arranged close to a light-emission sideof each solid light-emitting element, and having two or more convex lensportions allotted to each solid light-emitting element; and a secondfly's eye lens arranged in such a manner as to be paired with the firstfly's eye lens, and integrating and guiding light to an object to beilluminated.
 3. An illuminating device according to claim 1, comprisinga polarization conversion system having a plurality of polarizing beamsplitters for redirecting to a common polarization direction, on alight-exit side of the second fly's eye lens.
 4. An illuminating deviceaccording to claim 2, comprising a polarization conversion system havinga plurality of polarizing beam splitters for redirecting to a commonpolarization direction, on a light-exit side of the second fly's eyelens.
 5. An illuminating device, comprising: a polarization conversionsystem having a plurality of polarizing beam splitters for redirectingto a common polarization direction; one or a plurality of solidlight-emitting elements arranged close to a light-incident side of thepolarization conversion system; and a light integrating means forintegrating and guiding exited light from the polarization conversionsystem to an object to be illuminated.
 6. An illuminating deviceaccording to claim 5, wherein the light integrating means is formed of afirst fly's eye lens, and a second fly's eye lens arranged in such amanner as to be paired with the first fly's eye lens.
 7. An illuminatingdevice according to claim 5, wherein the light integrating means is arod integrator in a tube or a pole shape.
 8. An illuminating device,comprising: a light source formed of a plurality of solid light-emittingelements; and a means for rendering uniform a light-emitting amount or alight-emitting color of each solid light emitting element.
 9. Anilluminating device according to claim 8, wherein the light-emittingcolor and the light-emitting amount are controlled by controlling anelectric current value supplied to the solid light-emitting elements.10. An illuminating device according to claim 8, wherein thelight-emitting amount is controlled by controlling a pulse width of theelectric current supplied to the solid light-emitting elements.
 11. Anilluminating device according to claim 9, wherein the light-emittingamount is controlled by controlling a pulse width of the electriccurrent supplied to the solid light-emitting elements.
 12. Anilluminating device according to claims 8, comprising an optical systemin which light from the light source is guided to an object to beilluminated without applying a light integration to the light from thelight source.
 13. An illuminating device according to claim 8, whereinthe light source is arranged close to the object to be illuminated, andthe light from the light source is directly guided to the object to beilluminated.
 14. An illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein anaspect ratio of each solid light-emitting element is rendered equal toor approximately equal to an aspect ratio of the object to beilluminated.
 15. An illuminating device according to claim 2, wherein anaspect ratio of each solid light-emitting element is rendered equal toor approximately equal to an aspect ratio of the object to beilluminated.
 16. An illuminating device according to claim 5, wherein anaspect ratio of each solid light-emitting element is rendered equal toor approximately equal to an aspect ratio of the object to beilluminated.
 17. An illuminating device according to claim 8, wherein anaspect ratio of each solid light-emitting element is rendered equal toor approximately equal to an aspect ratio of the object to beilluminated.
 18. An illuminating device according to claim 1, whereinthe solid light-emitting elements are formed of light-emitting diodeshaving photonic crystals.
 19. An illuminating device according to claim2, wherein the solid light-emitting elements are formed oflight-emitting diodes having photonic crystals.
 20. An illuminatingdevice according to claim 5, wherein the solid light-emitting elementsare formed of light-emitting diodes having photonic crystals.
 21. Anilluminating device according to claim 8, wherein the solidlight-emitting elements are formed of light-emitting diodes havingphotonic crystals.
 22. An illuminating device according to claim 18,wherein the light-emitting diodes having the photonic crystals have alight-emission direction approximately vertical to a light-emittingsurface.
 23. An illuminating device according to claim 19, wherein thelight-emitting diodes having the photonic crystals have a light-emissiondirection approximately vertical to a light-emitting surface.
 24. Anilluminating device according to claim 20, wherein the light-emittingdiodes having the photonic crystals have a light-emission directionapproximately vertical to a light-emitting surface.
 25. An illuminatingdevice according to claim 21, wherein the light-emitting diodes havingthe photonic crystals have a light-emission direction approximatelyvertical to a light-emitting surface.
 26. A projection type videodisplay for modulating light emitted from an illuminating device by adisplay device and projecting the modulated light, comprising theilluminating device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, or 8,wherein the display device is an object to be illuminated.
 27. Aprojection type video display according to claim 26, wherein threepieces of the display devices are provided for respective colors, threethe illuminating devices are provided for the respective colors, andlight via the three pieces of display devices are composed andprojected.
 28. A projection type video display, comprising: aself-light-emitting display device having a plurality of solidlight-emitting elements as pixels; and a projection optical element forprojecting emitted image light from the self-light-emitting displaydevice.
 29. A projection type video display according to claim 28,wherein three pieces of the display devices are provided for respectivecolors, three the self-light-emitting display devices are provided forthe respective colors, and emitted image light from the three pieces ofself-light-emitting display devices are composed and projected.
 30. Aprojection type video display according to claim 28, wherein the solidlight-emitting elements in the display devices are formed oflight-emitting diodes having photonic crystals.
 31. A projection typevideo display according to claim 29, wherein the solid light-emittingelements in the display devices are formed of light-emitting diodeshaving photonic crystals.
 32. An illuminating device according to claim30 or 31, wherein the light-emitting diodes having the photonic crystalshave a light-emission direction approximately vertical to alight-emitting surface.